Hybrid Data Reduction Scheme for Energy Saving in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper efficient energy saving scheme and corresponding algorithm is designed and developed in order to provide reasonable energy consumption and to improve the network lifetime for wireless sensor network systems. A hybrid data-gathering protocol that dynamically switches between the event-driven data-reporting and data-driven data-reporting schemes is proposed. Typically, communication is the most energy-consuming operation apart from sensing and processing. In fact, it dominates the total energy consumption, so one should try to minimize the nodes’ transmissions to reduce the total energy usage at the sensor nodes. Therefore, this metric can characterize the protocol in terms of energy consumption. The data-driven is used to reduce the amount of data delivered to the sink node. The novel aspect of this approach is that sensor nodes that seem to detect an event of interest in the near future, as well as those nodes detecting the event, become engaged in the adaptive transmission based data-reporting process. The purpose of deploying a WSN is to collect relevant data for processing and reporting. In particular, based on data reporting, WSNs can be classified as time-driven, event-driven and data driven. As such, the proposed protocol accurately analyzes the environment being monitored using only moderate resource consumption. The method makes a tradeoff between the energy consumption and data accuracy. The two algorithms named parameter-based Event Detection (PED) for dynamic switching and Parameterbased Area Detection (PAD) for area coverage are proposed and the effectiveness of the algorithm in a wireless scenario is analyzed.